大麦与谷类科学

以我国大麦（青稞）机械化生产技术领域相关专利为研究对象，采用IncoPat专利数据库，以宏观和微观2个视角对该领域内技术的时间和空间分布、主要研究主题和热点、主要创新机构和发明人、专利价值及专利质量等方面展开分析，以明确该领域的发展现状、创新情况及研发态势。结果表明，近几年来我国大麦（青稞）机械化生产技术研发呈现加速发展态势；专利申请量的增长主要以实用新型为主；个人和科研院所为该领域内主要创新主体；播种、种植、栽培、收获、脱粒等机械研发为该领域目前的研究热点；相关发明专利申请整体质量较低，本领域技术研发还有较大的提升空间。今后应开展大麦（青稞）农机农艺融合研究，重点研发适宜于青藏高原作业的轻简化机械。要重视该领域专利质量的提高，重视产学研结合，加大研发力度。政府要鼓励和支持重点龙头企业加大研发力度，使之成为创新主体。

The current research was undertaken to assess mechanized production technology of barley(hulless barley) regarding its developmental status, innovation degree, and research and development trend in China. Based on the Incopat patent database, we performed analyses from both macroscopic and microscopic perspectives to investigate the time and geographical distribution of the technology in this field, main research subjects and hotspots, principal innovation organizations and inventors, and patent value and quality. The results showed that in recent years, the mechanized production technology of barley(hulless barley) in China had an accelerated development trend and the increase in the number of applied patents was mainly under novel and practical type. Individuals and scientific research institutions constituted the main part of innovation in this field; research and development of mechanization in sowing, planting, cultivation, harvest, and threshing were hotspots; however, relevant patents applied had overall low quality, so there is much space for improvement in the area. In future, researchers should conduct the projects aiming to integrate agricultural machinery with agronomy, and lay stress on developing the machine that is easy to operate on the land of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and requires less labor. Researchers should also attach great importance to improvement of patent quality and cooperation between universities and industry in the area, and enhance research and development. Moreover, the government should encourage and support the leading agricultural enterprises to strengthen research and development efforts,thus facilitating them to become the main innovation subjects.