大麦与谷类科学

为研发笼养蛋鸡发酵床垫料作为杂交稻制种生长基肥,以及了解其对水稻生产性状及收后土壤的改良效应,采用人工接种地衣芽孢杆菌进行促成发酵,并将发酵近6个月的垫料用于杂交稻制种肥效试验。结果表明:1)发酵床垫料发酵达4个多月时,垫料的pH值为8.23,电导率为1 006.01 s/cm,有机质含量为60.16%,总氮+总磷+总钾≥7.22%;2)发酵床垫料对孕穗期与成熟期水稻的株高有良好的调控作用,有利于增强其抗倒性能;3)施用发酵床垫料有机肥的土壤经种植后,总磷与速效钾的含量较对照有显著的增加(P<0.05),显示出蛋鸡发酵床垫料作基肥施用有助于改良土壤。综上,该发酵床垫料制作模式有效,作为有机肥应用具有推广价值。

The current research investigated the effects of fermented bedding materials mixed with feces of cage-raised chickens on the growth and yield of hybrid rice as well as on soil properties. The bedding materials mixed with the chicken feces were artificially inoculated with Bacillus licheniformis and then fermented for about 6 months, which were subsequently used as the basal manure for hybrid rice seed production in a field trial conducted in 2017 in Yancheng City. The results were as follows. Firstly, after fermentation for about four months, the bedding materials mixed with the chicken feces had the pH value of 8.23, the electric conductivity of 1 006.01 μs/cm, the organic content of 60.16%, and the total N+P_2O_5+K_2O of ≥7.22%. Secondly, compared with the control treatment with chemical fertilizers, the treatment with the fermented bedding materials effectively controlled the plant height of rice, leading to stronger lodging resistance in rice. Thirdly, after harvesting rice, the soil applied with the fermented bedding materials had significantly higher contents of total P and available K(P < 0.05), indicating that applying these materials as the basal manure effectively improved soil properties. The above results demonstrate that the method developed in this study for producing the fermented bedding materials is effective and that application of such manure to rice production should be promoted.