大麦与谷类科学

应用灰色关联度分析方法,对云南省小麦良种区域试验中23个品种(系)6个主要农艺性状(生育期、基本苗、株高、有效穗、穗粒数、千粒重)及2个常发性病害(条锈病、白粉病)与产量的关联度及相互间关系进行分析。结果表明:与小麦产量密切相关的性状依次是有效穗(r=0.797 8)>生育期(r=0.752 7)>基本苗(r=0.719 7)>穗粒数(r=0.715 3)>白粉病(r=0.697 9)>千粒重(r=0.678 9)>条锈病(r=0.670 6)>株高(r=0.649 0)。根据小麦主要农艺性状间的关系,对产量影响最大的有效穗与生育期、基本苗关系最密切,其后依次是白粉病、条锈病、穗粒数、千粒重、株高。说明在小麦新品种区域试验中,在保证基本苗较一致的前提下,应重视具有白粉病和条锈病综合抗性的品种,注重选择生育期适当偏长、有效穗多、穗粒数多、千粒重高的小麦新品种(系),同时不要忽略对株高的选择。

Grey correlation degree analysis was used to study the relationships between the various characters and yield of 23 wheat strains from regional testing in Yunnan. The characters studied in this paper included growth period,basic seedlings,plant height,spike number per 667 m2,kernel number per spike,1 000- grain weight,yellow rust,powdery mildew. Results showed that the correlation degrees between the various characters and yield were ranked as follow: spike number per 667 m2( = 0. 7 978) > growth period( = 0. 7 527) > basic seedlings( = 0. 7 197) > kernel number per spike( = 0. 7 153) > powdery mildew( = 0. 6 979) >1 000- grain weight( = 0. 6 789) > yellow rust( = 0. 6 706) > plant height( = 0. 6 490). According to the correlation of main agronomic characters of wheat,the spike number per 667 m2 which had the greatest influence on yield had close relationship with growth period and basic seedlings,and thereafter were the resistance of powdery mildew and yellow rust,kernel number per spike and1 000- grain weight. It indicated that in the course of breeding in Yunnan province,we should give priority to wheat testing strains with the resistance of powdery mildew and yellow rust under the premise of similar basic seedlings; pay attention to the strain with longer growth period,higher spike number per 667 m2,more kernel number per spike and higher 1 000- grain weight At the same time,the height of the plant cannot be ignored.