大麦与谷类科学

长麦4316是山西农业大学谷子研究所利用自主培育的中间优异种质材料长麦07-6645、长麦08-5348作为亲本，通过杂交育种和系统选育相结合的方法选育出的小麦新品种。2023年该品种通过山西省农作物品种审定委员会审定(审定编号：晋审麦20220011),2019—2021年参加山西省中部晚熟冬麦组水地区域试验，2年平均折合产量7 487.7 kg/hm²，较对照中麦175平均产量7 053.8 kg/hm²增产6.2%;2020—2021年生产试验平均产量7 217.8 kg/hm²，比对照中麦175增产4.7%，增产点率达100%。本文详细介绍了长麦4316的选育进程、农艺性状、产量表现以及配套栽培技术，为该新品种选育和推广提供参考。

Changmai 4316 is a new wheat variety bred by Millet Research Institute of Shanxi Agricultural University, using self-cultivated intermediate excellent germplasm materials Changmai 07-6645 and Changmai 08-5348 as parents, through the combination of cross breeding technology and systematic breeding. In 2023, this variety was approved by Shanxi Provincial Crop Variety Committee(Approval number: Jinshenmai 20220011). From 2019 to 2021, it participated in late-maturing winter wheat water-field regional experiment group in central Shanxi Province. The average yield of the two years was 7 487.7 kg/hm², which increased by 6.2% compared with the average yield of 7 053.8 kg/hm² of the control Zhongmai 175. The average yield of the production trial from 2020 to 2021 was 7 217.8 kg/hm², which was 4.7% higher than that of the control Zhongmai 175, with a yield increase rate of 100%. In this paper, the breeding process, agronomic characters, yield performance and supporting cultivation techniques of Changmai 4316 were introduced in detail, which can provide reference for the breeding and popularization of new wheat varieties.