大麦与谷类科学

为及时掌握江苏省不同生产区域小麦主推品种及新审定品种的品质状况,评价和筛选优质高产品种,针对2014—2015年大面积推广和引进的15个小麦品种的品质性状进行分析。结果显示:1)各参试品种间品质性状差异较大,其中,差异较大的是面团稳定时间和沉淀时间,其次是软化度、评价值、沉降值、湿面筋与蛋白质,差异较小的是面团吸水力、出粉率与容重。2)淮北麦区优于淮南麦区,其中淮北麦区新育成的淮麦33和徐麦32达到优质强筋小麦的标准,淮南麦区大面积推广的宁麦13号达到优质弱筋的标准。此外,本文还对江苏小麦品质改良的主攻方向,优质小麦区域化种植和产业化开发等问题进行了探讨。

This study aimed to keep abreast of quality profiles of commercial wheat varieties and newly authorized ones cultivated in different areas of Jiangsu Province,and to evaluate and screen high- quality and high- yielding varieties. To achieve this goal,fifteen wheat varieties( lines) that were commonly grown or introduced during 2014- 2015 in Jiangsu Province were assessed in terms of their quality properties( physicochemical properties or dough rheological properties). Results showed that significant differences existed among tested wheat varieties( lines) in quality properties. These varieties differed to the largest extent in dough stability time and development time; to a lower extent in softening degree,evaluation value,sedimentation value,wet gluten content,and protein content; and to the lowest extent in dough water absorption,flour yield,and volume weight. On the other side,wheat varieties planted in the north of the Huaihe River revealed better quality properties than those in the south of the Huaihe River. Two recently bred wheat varieties( Huaimai33 and Xumai 32) grown in the north of the Huaihe River met the quality standards of strong gluten wheat,while the wheat variety Ningmai 13,commonly cultivated in the south of the Huaihe River,reached the standards of weak gluten wheat. In addition,this paper proposed strategies for improving wheat quality,for planting quality wheat varieties in ecologically suitable areas,and for developing wheat industry.