大麦与谷类科学

为确定新疆青稞优质高产栽培的适宜播种期,选用昆仑14号、甘垦6号作为试验材料,设置4月1日、4月6日、4月11日、4月16日、4月21日5个播期,研究播期对青稞品种农艺性状及产量的影响。结果表明:昆仑14号、甘垦6号这2个品种在4月份播种均能正常成熟;从全生育期天数来看,昆仑14号<甘垦6号,随着播种期的推迟,这2个品种的基本苗无规律性变化,成穗率呈逐渐下降的趋势;昆仑14号的最高总茎数、有效穗数先增加后减少,成穗率逐渐下降,甘垦6号的最高总茎数、有效穗数逐渐减少。随着播期的逐渐推迟,株高、穗长、主穗粒数、千粒质量、产量均呈逐渐下降的趋势。为了提高产量,应适期早播,以4月上旬为宜。

The present study was undertaken to determine the suitable sowing date for hulless barley cultivation in Xinjiang in order to attain high quality and high yield. Kunlun No.14 and Ganken No.6, two hulless varieties differing in row type, were selected as experimental materials; and five sowing dates were set on April 1, 6, 11, 16 and 21 to study the effects of sowing date on their agronomic traits and yield. The results showed that Kunlun No.14 and Ganken No.6 both matured normally when sown within April.Compared with Kunlun No.14, Ganken No.6 had longer growth period, higher maximum total stem number, and higher effective panicle number. With the delay of sowing date, the two varieties had no regular changes in basic seedling density, but had gradual reductions in heading rate; Kunlun No.14 first showed an increase in maximum total stem number and effective ear number and then a drop in these traits, while its heading rate decreased gradually; Ganken No.6 displayed gradual decreases in maximum total stem number and effective ear number. With postponing sowing date, the two hulless barley varieties both showed a decreasing trend in plant height, panicle length, grain number per panicle, 1 000-grain weight, and yield. Hence, aiming at improving the yield, it is advisable to sow these varieties in early April.