大麦与谷类科学

为了探讨在湿润渗透施肥法下，水稻促花肥与保花肥使用N与P_2O₅的不同配方组合对粳稻产量与产量结构的影响，选用生产上种植面积较大的粳稻品种淮稻5号为试验材料，将磷酸二铵、过磷酸钙与普通尿素在水稻促花肥中进行配施，设置1个不施促花肥与保花肥对照和3种促花肥施肥模式(处理1—3)。结果显示：施促花肥与保花肥的3个处理间水稻产量及产量结构无统计学意义，其产量平均较对照增产24.5%；促花肥中增施P_2O₅的2个处理(处理1、2)平均较对照增产26.5%，比促花肥只施尿素的处理3增产5.2%；促花肥中增施磷酸二铵的处理1比增施过磷酸钙的处理2增产2.3%。因此，粳稻一定要施促花肥与保花肥。建议在粳稻施促花肥时，增施磷酸二铵(8 kg/667 m²)或过磷酸钙(20 kg/667 m²)。

In order to explore the effects of rice spikelet-promoting fertilizer and spikelet-preserving fertilizer with different formula combinations of N and P_2O_5on the yield and yield structure of geng rice under the wet infiltration fertilization method,the geng rice variety Huaidao 5 with a larger planting area in production was selected as the experimental material.Diammonium phosphate,calcium superphosphate,and ordinary urea were mixed in the rice spikelet-promoting fertilizer.One control group (without the application of spikelet-promoting fertilizer and spikelet-preserving fertilizer) was set up,and three fertilization modes of spikelet-promoting fertilizer (treatment 1,2,and 3) were used to study the response of geng rice yield and its constituent factors to different N and P_2O_5formulas of spikelet-promoting fertilizer and spikelet-preserving fertilizer.The results showed that there was no statistical significance in rice yield and yield structure between the three treatments,and the average yield increased by 24.5%compared with the control.The two treatments (treatment 1-2) with P_2O_5application in spikelet-promoting fertilizer increased yield by26.5%compared to the control,and increased yield by 5.2%compared to treatment 3 with only urea application in spikelet-promoting fertilizer.Treatment 1 with application of diammonium phosphate in spikelet-promoting fertilizer increased yield by 2.3%compared to treatment 2 with increased application of superphosphate in spikelet-promoting fertilizer.It is recommended to apply spikelet-promoting fertilizer and spikelet-preserving fertilizer to geng rice.When applying flower promoting fertilizer to geng rice,increase the application of diammonium phosphate at a dosage of 8 kg/667 m~2or superphosphate at a dosage of 20 kg/667 m².