大麦与谷类科学

本研究筛选了12种杀菌剂复配剂或单剂,开展防治小麦叶部锈病与白粉病的试验。结果表明,对锈病,各处理施药1次防效差异明显,以10%叶菌唑SC(20 mL/667 m²)+430 g/L戊唑醇SC(25mL/667 m²)处理防效最高,为90.06%;施药2次,除了45%甲硫·己唑醇SC外,其他药剂对锈病防效均在80%以上。对白粉病,30%丙硫菌唑OD、30%肟菌·戊唑醇SC、40%丙硫菌唑·戊唑醇SC、25%吡唑醚菌酯SC施药1次或2次防效均高于其他处理。各药剂施药处理2次对锈病与白粉病的防效均要高于1次。

This study evaluated the control efficacy of 24 fungicide treatments against the wheat leaf diseases rust and powdery mildew in the field, with a blank control treatment also set. Eleven different fungicides were applied alone once constituting treatments 1-11,and applied twice constituting treatments 13-23, while treatment 12 was composed of the combination of 10% metconazole SC(20 mL/667 m²) and 430 g/L tebuconazole SC(25 g/667 m²) applied once and treatment 24 consisted of the same combination, but applied twice. The results showed that with a single application of the fungicides, treatments 1-12 showed obvious differences in their efficacy in controlling rust, with treatment 12 achieving the highest efficacy of 90.06%. However, all treatments with the fungicides applied twice except 45% methionine·hexaconazole SC attained the control efficacy more than 80% against rust. In controlling powdery mildew,30% propiconazole OD, 30% oxamethoxazole·tebuconazole SC, 40% propiconazole·tebuconazole SC, and 25% pyraclostrobin SC achieved higher efficacy than the other treatments when applied either once or twice. All the fungicides accomplished higher control efficacy against both rust and powdery mildew with two applications than a single application. In large-scale wheat production, under the cultivation conditions similar to this experiment, the effective fungicides can be used alternately to control the wheat leaf diseases.