大麦与谷类科学

为满足甘肃省甘南州、天祝县、山丹军马场及沿祁连山高海拔地区对优质高产青稞的需求，2014年起，甘肃省农业科学院联合上海市农业科学院、甘南州农业科学研究所，以高产稳产为核心，兼顾优质多抗，选育出蓝粒青稞新品种陇青3号。该品种为春性、中早熟多棱型，生育期110 d；其幼苗呈半匍匐状，叶色绿；株高80.0 cm，穗长7.0 cm，穗粒数45粒/穗，千粒质量47.0 g，成穗数32.0万个/667 m²，籽粒蓝色、椭圆形、饱满；茎秆粗壮、抗干热风及条纹病等。多点试验陇青3号平均产量6 112.35 kg/hm²，较对照增产7.3%；生产对比试验陇青3号平均产量为5 427.00 kg/hm²，较对照增产6.9%，居参试品种首位。陇青3号适合上述高海拔地区广泛种植。

To address the demand for high-quality, high-yield highland barley in Gannan Prefecture, Tianzhu County, Shandan Military Horse Farm, and other high-altitude regions along the Qilian Mountains in Gansu Province, the Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, in collaboration with the Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Gannan Prefecture Agricultural Science Research Institute, initiated the breeding of a new blue-grain highland barley variety, Longqing No.3, in 2014. This variety focuses on high and stable yields while also emphasizing quality and multi-resistance. The variety is spring-type, medium-early maturing, and multi-angled, with a growth period of approximately 110 days. Its seedlings are semi-crawling, with green leaves. The plant height is about 80.0 cm, the panicle length is approximately 7.0 cm, and the grains per panicle is 45. The thousand-grain weight is approximately 47.0 g, and the number of formed panicles is about 320 000 per 667 m². The grains are blue, oval, and plump, with robust stems that are resistant to dry heat winds and stripe disease. In multiple-site trials, Longqing No.3 achieved an average yield of6 112.35 kg/hm², with a 7.3% increase compared to the control. In production comparison trials, the average yield of Longqing No.3 was 5 427.00 kg/hm², with a 6.9% increase compared to the control, ranking first among the tested varieties. Longqing No.3 is suitable for widespread cultivation in the aforementioned high-altitude regions.